OZONE DISINFECTION WITH AİR QUALITY CONTROL SYSTEM
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| Figure 1: Ozone Disinfection and Air Quality Control System |
Summary
Clean air is one of the most important requirements for a healthy life. However, the hustle and bustle of daily life, urbanisation and city traffic, and increasing population are making it difficult to breathe clean air.
Especially with the global pandemic, spending more time in closed environments has highlighted the importance of clean air. That is why we can say that air purification devices are becoming more popular in closed environments.
Air purifiers are available in different types and systems. However, when researching which air purifier is the most effective, we come across many systems with different features. Among these systems, the ozone-based air purification method is particularly known for its odour-eliminating properties. It is used solely for disinfection purposes. It prevents the reproduction of microorganisms in a way that is harmless to human health. However, ozone air purifiers may require use in an empty room, considering the effects of the gas on the human body. This is because ozone should not be inhaled continuously to prevent it from becoming harmful.
The goal is to design a project that maintains the balance by utilising the odour-eliminating properties of ozone gas against harmful gases without endangering human health during use, while continuously monitoring the air quality of the current environment through an automatic control system and producing ozone as needed.
In this study, a mobile ozone production system capable of operating independently and transferring data to a central system was designed and prototyped. The system can control various sensor units with different characteristics using a single control unit.
The system design incorporates an ESP32-based microcontroller, an ozone gas sensor, a temperature-humidity sensor, a motion sensor, a relay, an ozone generator, a fan, a button, an adapter, and a voltage regulator.
Purpose Of The Project
In public areas such as airports and shopping centres, where there are large numbers of people, unpleasant odours can arise in washrooms and toilets due to heavy use.
These unpleasant odours cause bacteria and germs to form in the toilet environment, which poses a threat to human health.
To prevent the formation of bacteria and microbes in common areas and improve the air quality in the existing environment, methods and devices such as ionised air purifiers, electrostatic precipitation, filters, and ozone-based air purifiers are used.
We have designed a customised, self-regulating system using the ozone-based air purification method and device, which is one of the methods currently in use.
Our system measures the air quality and ozone gas concentration in the current environment. The ozone generator is turned on and off by the microcontroller to ensure that the measured value remains within the predefined acceptable range. Additionally, temperature and humidity measurements are taken to monitor all information about the current environment through a mobile application.
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| Figure 2: Ozone disinfection and air quality control system workflow diagram. |
Electrical Block Diagram Of The System
Our circuit consists of two sections. The first section comprises the control board and circuits. In this section, a standard charging adapter is used to convert the 220V voltage from the socket to 5 volts, which is the operating voltage of the ESP32. The 5V voltage output from the adapter then powers the ESP32 and the fan, while the ESP32 also powers the sensors connected to it using its own 5V and 3.3V output voltages. In the second section, an ozone generator and a relay to control the on/off operation of this ozone generator are used. In this section, the 220V voltage from the mains is connected to the ozone generator via the relay. A voltage regulator is used to provide a 5V trigger to the relay from the ESP32's output pin. Thanks to the voltage regulator, the ESP32's 3.3V output voltage is boosted to 5V, which is the trigger voltage value of the relay. In this way, the relay is triggered by the 3.3V output signal sent by the ESP32, enabling control of the ozone generator.
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| Figure 3: Electrical block diagram of the ozone disinfection and air quality control system. |
Finally, a snapshot from our presentation of the project to our thesis advisor Mehmet Durmuş ÇALIŞIR is shown in Figure 4.
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